What is the primary complication of prolonged bag-valve-mask ventilation?

Prolonged bag-valve-mask ventilation can lead to gastric inflation, which is a significant complication. When the bag-mask device is used, especially if there is overventilation or improper positioning of the mask, air can be pushed into the stomach rather than the lungs. This can occur when there is inadequate seal between the mask and the patient's face or when excessive pressure is applied during ventilation.

When air enters the stomach, it can cause distension and potentially lead to complications such as vomiting, aspiration, and increased intra-abdominal pressure. These complications can hinder the patient's respiratory function further and complicate the overall clinical situation, making effective ventilation even more challenging. Thus, awareness and careful technique during bag-valve-mask ventilation are crucial to prevent gastric inflation and its associated risks.