What is a primary risk of using an oropharyngeal airway in a conscious patient?

Using an oropharyngeal airway in a conscious patient poses a primary risk of stimulating the gag reflex. This reflex is a protective mechanism that prevents foreign objects from entering the throat and potentially obstructing the airway. In conscious patients, the presence of an oropharyngeal airway can trigger this reflex, causing discomfort, potential choking, or even vomiting. This reaction is particularly problematic because it can lead to further airway compromise in patients who are already at risk.

Other potential risks, such as obstruction of the airway, improper sizing of the airway, and excessive oxygen delivery, are more pertinent in specific scenarios or with unconscious patients who cannot protect their airway. However, in a conscious individual, the immediate concern is the activation of the gag reflex, making it critical to assess the patient's level of consciousness and the appropriateness of using an oropharyngeal airway prior to insertion.