After administering a short-acting paralytic and failing intubation, what is the next step if vital signs deteriorate?

In a scenario where a short-acting paralytic has been administered and intubation attempts have failed, the priority shifts to maintaining effective ventilation and oxygenation. If the patient's vital signs begin to deteriorate, it's crucial to ensure the airway is managed properly and that the patient can receive adequate oxygen.

Inserting an oral airway allows for better airway patency and can facilitate ventilation. Ventilating the patient with a Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM) is essential to provide positive pressure ventilation, especially in the context of failed intubation. This step ensures that the patient receives enough oxygen and that carbon dioxide is being expelled from the lungs, crucial in preventing hypoxia and further deterioration of vital signs.

Other options lack immediate effectiveness in addressing the patient's critical state. Calling for backup may help later, but it does not address the urgent need for ventilation. Continuing attempts to intubate without effective ventilation in place could lead to further complications, especially with the patient already being paralyzed. Providing supplemental oxygen alone does not resolve the underlying problem of inadequate ventilation and airway management, particularly in an emergency situation.